*Por María Eugenia Miquilena, experta en sostenibilidad social de CAF –banco de desarrollo de América Latina.
Mientras nos acercábamos a la cuenca de los ríos Cirí Grande y Trinidad, en Panamá, veíamos cómo la estética de rascacielos por la que se conoce la pujante economía del país daba paso a un verdor rural propio de la selva tropical.
Nada más llegar a nuestro destino, una comunidad de unos 500 habitantes en las laderas del Canal de Panamá, pudimos apreciar los avances del proyecto para caficultores locales, que hasta la fecha ha mejorado los ingresos, el nivel de instrucción y la calidad de vida de 90 familias campesinas.
Las mejoras saltaban a la vista: fincas produciendo y cosechando un 70% más; buenas prácticas de cultivo cafetero y contratando mano de obra porque la sola familia ya no da abasto; unidades productivas con libros de cuentas y cobros; casas construidas con materiales resistentes, y hogares prósperos.
El secreto de esta iniciativa, tal y como nos lo ratificaron los beneficiarios, es que ofrece las herramientas necesarias para que gestionen eficientemente sus propios cultivos. En otras palabras, empoderarles a nivel productivo. Y es que el objetivo del programa -que todavía está en ejecución- es justamente ese: mejorar la productividad de los cultivos de café de bajura con técnicas orgánicas que protegen el recurso acuífero y procuran la conservación de los bosques. Al mismo tiempo, se realizan ejercicios de capacitación social y empresarial a los caficultores, al tiempo en que se les vincula con los mercados nacionales e internacionales del café, para que las mejoras productivas, asociativas y de mercado se traduzcan en mayores ingresos.
El proyecto, llamado Caficultores del Canal de Panamá, está enmarcado en el programa PASOS para la inclusión y es producto del esfuerzo conjunto de CAF -banco de desarrollo de América Latina-, la Autoridad del Canal de Panamá (ACP) y la Fundación Natura (Fundación para la Conservación de los Recursos Naturales).
El viaje que realizamos se dividió en dos días de trabajo y comenzó con la explicación del informe, las lecciones aprendidas y las rectificaciones implementadas juntamente con la Fundación Natura, nuestra contraparte ejecutora.
El segundo día visitamos a la familia de los Vargas, quienes han aumentado sus ingresos en más de 200% gracias al cultivo orgánico del café y a las herramientas adquiridas para su comercialización. Posteriormente recorrimos varias fincas donde se le agrega valor a las cosechas de los 90 caficultores, mediante procesos de secado y despulpe antes de la molienda. Al final de la tarde, visitamos la sede de ACACPA (Asociación de Caficultores de la subcuenta de los ríos Cirí Grande y Trinidad) que reúne gran parte de los beneficiarios del proyecto y donde se estaba impartiendo una capacitación para el fortalecimiento institucional de la asociación.
Las conclusiones de este viaje podrían resumirse en el convencimiento de que este tipo de proyecto debería replicarse, ya que al estar cerca de nuestras intervenciones crediticias mejoran directamente la vida de los pobladores. Al mismo tiempo, están alineados con los elementos de inclusión socio-productiva que promueve el fortalecimiento de capacidades de la población latinoamericana vulnerable e impulsan buenas prácticas ambientales, además de iniciativas articuladas entre el Estado panameño e instituciones clave para el desarrollo, crecimiento, educación e inclusión en el país.
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